NGHIÊN CỨU ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA LƯỢNG PHÂN ĐẠM BÓN ĐẾN NĂNG SUẤT VÀ HIỆU QUẢ KINH TẾ CỦA MỘT SỐ GIỐNG NGÔ LAI MỚI TRỒNG TRÊN ĐẤT BÃI VEN SÔNG TẠI HUYỆN THIỆU HÓA, TỈNH THANH HÓA

Abstract

Maize is an important food and livestock crop. In recent years, maize production in our country has continuously increased (yield increased from 1.55 tons/ha in 1990 to 4.78 tons/ha in 2019). The results of experiment showed that at different doses of nitrogen fertilizer applied for different maize varieties, N3 formula applied 175 kg N/ha on the base (10 tons of manure + 90 kg of K2O + 90 kg of P2O5) achieved the best growth and development values. The QT55 maize variety gained the highest yield (8.52 tons/ha) at N3 formula (175 kg N/ha). With different nitrogen fertilizer doses, the degree of damage of pests and diseases on maize varieties was also different. QT55 variety was affected with the lowest level of pest infection (3.1% of Ostrinia nubilalis; 3.5% of Helminthosporium and 4.1% of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) at the N3 formula (175kg/ha). As for other maize varieties, the degree of damage was as follows Ostrinia nubilalis was over 4%; Helminthosporium and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn were over 4%). When we applied nitrogen at the dose of N3 (175 kg N/ha) to hybrid maize varieties, the QT55 maize variety got the highest yield, achieved the net profit of 28,950,000 VND/ha and a profit margin of 2.7 times.
Keywords: Hybird maize, riverbank land.