ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA LƯỢNG ĐẠM BÓN ĐẾN SINH TRƯỞNG, PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ NĂNG SUẤT CỦA MỘT SÔ GIỐNG NGÔ LAI MỚI TRỒNG VỤ XUÂN NĂM 2019 TẠI HUYỆN HOẰNG HÓA, TỈNH THANH HÓA

Abstract

In recent years, the planted area of hybrid maizes increased rapidly due to the increased consumer demand and has brough about high economic efficiency for producers. Therefore, finding a new short-term hybrid maize variety with high productivity and quality, proactively producing hybrid seed is one of the main goals o f the breeders.
For maizes, nitrogen fertilizer is an important nutrient for productivity and quality.
Nitrogen fertilizer is active in the growth and development of maize. The dosage of nitrogen fertilizer affects the growth and development prameters of maize breeds such as tree height, number o f leaves and the possibility of being infected by pests and diseases.
Among the nitrogen fertilizing rates, the application rate of 175 kg N/ha basis (10 tons of manure + 90 kg K2O + 90 kg P2O5 reached the highest growth and development values.
Depending on the kinds o f pest, the diseases at different levels o f fertilizer, the level of harm o f the pest, the disease to the maize breeds are also different. At no nitrogen fertilization level, the density and incidence o f disease were lowest in all maizes. At the dosage o f nitrogen fertilizing 200 kg N/ha on T8 variety, the highest density borer was 5.1%, leaf spot disease was 5.6% and shabby dry disease was 5.4%. Nitrogen fertilization has an effect on the yield and yield components of maizes such as the length of corn, diameter of corn, number of seeds per row, number of rows per corn, weight o f1000 seeds, theoretical yield and actual yield. At the dosage of fertilizing 175 kg N/ha basis (10 tons manure + 90 kg K2O + 90 kg P2O2) the actual yield of the maizes was highest with QT55 maize breed yield was 8.52 tons/ha.
Keywords: Newhybrid maizes, high productivity, nitrogen fertilizer dosage.